Glutathione 1500 mg – Tripeptide antioxidant

What is Glutathione (GSH)?

Glutathione (GSH) is a naturally occurring tripeptide built from three amino acids — glutamic acid, cysteine and glycine. It is described as the body's "master antioxidant": the most important intracellular molecule protecting cells from oxidative stress, involved in detoxification and the maintenance of redox balance. It is present in every cell of the human body, and its level naturally declines with age and under the influence of oxidative stress.

In contrast to the hormonal peptides in our catalog — like GHRH analogs (CJC-1295) or regenerative peptides (BPC-157, TB-500) — Glutathione does not act on a receptor but directly neutralizes free radicals and supports antioxidant enzymes. It occurs in two forms: reduced (GSH — the active form) and oxidized (GSSG); the enzyme glutathione reductase regenerates GSSG back into GSH, sustaining the cycle of antioxidant protection.

Glutathione is studied in the context of oxidative stress, liver detoxification, cellular and mitochondrial health, immunity and skin lightening. It is a research product — it is not a medicinal product and holds no authorization for clinical use. It belongs to the category peptides for cellular regeneration and energy in our catalog.

In the version offered by Peptology, Glutathione is supplied as a lyophilized compound with purity above 99% (HPLC/MS), confirmed by independent laboratory analysis (CoA for every batch), in a 1500 mg vial. The product is intended exclusively for scientific research and in vitro applications.

Available format: 1500 mg

Glutathione is available in a single, large 1500 mg format. In contrast to hormonal peptides (dosed in micrograms or single milligrams), antioxidants such as glutathione are used in studies in much higher amounts — hence the 1500 mg format.

The 1500 mg format has purity > 99% and a laboratory certificate for the batch. Glutathione is sensitive to oxidation — correct storage and reconstitution are particularly important.

How Glutathione works — the cell's master antioxidant

In the biochemical literature, Glutathione is described as a molecule acting on three complementary fronts. Their common denominator is the protection of cells from oxidative damage and support of cleansing processes.

Why the redox cycle matters

Glutathione does not act just once. After donating an electron, two GSH molecules combine into the oxidized GSSG form, which the enzyme glutathione reductase regenerates back into the active GSH — and the cycle continues. This redox cycle makes glutathione a central element of the cell's antioxidant defense and allows it to regenerate other antioxidants, such as vitamin C and E.

The ratio of GSH to GSSG is treated in studies as an indicator of the cell's redox state and level of oxidative stress. This data comes from the biochemical literature and does not constitute a claim about the effect of the research-grade product.

Pharmacokinetics and bioavailability of glutathione

Glutathione has an atypical pharmacokinetic profile: a very short presence in plasma but a long lifespan in some tissues, and poor oral bioavailability — the latter explains why studies often reach for injectable forms.

• Plasma half-life: very short — on the order of 1–3 minutes
• Tissue lifespan: longer — ~1 h in the kidneys, 2–3 h in the liver, up to several days in erythrocytes, spleen and lungs
• Oral bioavailability: low (~10–20%) — the enzyme GGT breaks down the tripeptide in the intestine before it reaches the bloodstream
• Active form: reduced (GSH); the oxidized (GSSG) is regenerated by glutathione reductase
• Role: an intracellular redox "buffer", a cofactor of antioxidant and detoxifying enzymes
• Route of administration in protocols: in studies often subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous, per the protocol

Glutathione vs BPC-157 vs TB-500

The table below compares glutathione with two regenerative peptides from the same category in the Peptology catalog. Each of them supports cellular regeneration and protection by a different mechanism: glutathione protects antioxidatively and detoxifies, BPC-157 acts cytoprotectively and pro-angiogenically, and TB-500 regulates actin and cell migration. Because the mechanisms are complementary, they are sometimes paired together in studies. The data are scientific and comparative in nature.

The table is scientific and comparative in nature and is based on the literature on these molecules. It does not constitute a direct head-to-head comparison or a claim about the effect of the research-grade product.

Research and clinical data on glutathione

Glutathione is one of the best-studied antioxidant molecules in cell biology. Below are the most important research directions from the literature.

Oxidative stress and redox balance

Glutathione is a central element of the cell's defense against reactive oxygen species. In studies, the GSH/GSSG ratio is used as a marker of the redox state and the intensity of oxidative stress in various cellular and tissue models.

Detoxification and the liver

In the liver, glutathione participates in phase II detoxification, conjugating with toxins and drug metabolites. It is also associated with the protection of hepatocytes from oxidative damage — hence the interest in its role in toxic-burden models.

Skin and pigmentation

Glutathione inhibits tyrosinase — a key enzyme in melanin production — and shifts pigment synthesis toward the lighter pheomelanin. In studies this is associated with a skin-lightening effect and evening of skin tone with regular use.

Note: The information is presented for scientific and informational purposes and is based on the biochemical and clinical literature. It does not constitute medical advice, a recommendation for use or a claim about the effect of the research-grade product offered by Peptology.

Glutathione profile at a glance

• The body's master antioxidant — the most important intracellular "scavenger" of free radicals
• A central element of the GSH/GSSG redox cycle — renewed by glutathione reductase
• Key in liver detoxification — conjugation of toxins in phase II of metabolism
• Inhibits tyrosinase — associated with a skin-lightening effect and evening of skin tone
• Regenerates other antioxidants — including vitamin C and E
• Very good tolerability profile — in observations, mild, rare side effects

All information provided refers to the biochemical and clinical literature on glutathione and should not be interpreted as a promise of effect, an instruction for use or a claim about the effect of the research-grade product offered by Peptology.

Research dosing protocols

Due to poor oral bioavailability and short presence in plasma, glutathione is usually used in studies in injectable forms, in schedules of several times a week:

• Typical research schedule: 1–3 times a week, depending on the aim and tolerability
• Routes of administration: subcutaneous, intramuscular or intravenous (in research protocols)
• Due to the larger mass (1500 mg), precise calculation of the concentration is particularly important
• Combined schedules: in research protocols paired with regenerative peptides from the same category (BPC-157, TB-500)

Glutathione is also sometimes paired in protocols with regenerative peptides (like BPC-157 or TB-500) as an element of antioxidant support. These schedules come from the research literature and do not constitute a recommendation for self-administration.

Side effects and safety

Glutathione has one of the best safety profiles among antioxidant molecules — it is an endogenous substance. Side effects in observations are rare and mild, more frequent at very high injectable doses.

Most observed side effects are mild and transient, and more serious reactions are described rarely and mainly at very high doses. This information is scientific in nature and does not constitute an instruction for use.

Storage and reconstitution

Glutathione is supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder in a vial. In lyophilized form it is stable at room temperature, protected from light and moisture — refrigeration before reconstitution is not mandatory. Glutathione is sensitive to oxidation, so after reconstitution correct storage is particularly important; Peptide Matrix Water™ helps maintain solution stability.

• Before reconstitution: room temperature, in the original packaging, protected from light and moisture. A refrigerator is not mandatory.
• After reconstitution with Peptide Matrix Water™: stability in the refrigerator +2 °C to +8 °C for up to 60 days under appropriate laboratory conditions — the stabilizing formula extends the lifespan relative to standard solvents.
• After reconstitution with bacteriostatic or sterile water: stability in the refrigerator +2 °C to +8 °C for up to 28 days under appropriate conditions. Do not refreeze the reconstituted solution.
• Reconstitution: in a laboratory setting, Peptide Matrix Water™, bacteriostatic water or sterile water for injection is usually used, depending on the protocol.
• Volume: maximum 3 mL of solvent (capacity of a standard vial). For a precise calculation of the concentration and volume, use the peptide calculator — particularly important given the large mass of 1500 mg.
• Homogenization: add the solvent slowly down the vial wall, without vigorous shaking. Swirl gently, do not shake; protect from oxidation.

Laboratory tip: With your order, you can add Peptide Matrix Water™ to the cart — a stabilizing solution designed for working with reconstituted research compounds. More in the article Bacteriostatic water vs acetic acid vs matrix water.

Frequently asked questions about Glutathione

What exactly is glutathione?

It is a natural tripeptide (glutamic acid + cysteine + glycine), described as the body's master antioxidant. It neutralizes free radicals, supports detoxification in the liver and maintains the cell's redox balance. The results come from the biochemical and clinical literature.

How does glutathione differ from regenerative peptides like BPC-157?

Glutathione protects cells antioxidatively and supports detoxification, while regenerative peptides act differently: BPC-157 cytoprotectively and pro-angiogenically, and TB-500 through actin regulation and cell migration. The mechanisms are complementary, which is why they are sometimes paired in studies.

Does glutathione lighten the skin?

In studies, glutathione inhibits tyrosinase and shifts pigment synthesis toward the lighter pheomelanin, which with regular use is associated with a lightening of the complexion and reduction of discoloration. This information is scientific in nature and does not constitute a promise of effect.

Can it be combined with other peptides?

Yes — in research protocols, glutathione is sometimes paired with regenerative peptides from the same category, like BPC-157 and TB-500, as an element of antioxidant support and cellular protection.

How is glutathione stored and reconstituted?

The lyophilized vial is stored at room temperature, protected from light and moisture. After reconstitution (glutathione is sensitive to oxidation): with Peptide Matrix Water™ — up to 60 days in the refrigerator +2 °C to +8 °C; with bacteriostatic or sterile water — up to 28 days. Avoid refreezing.

Where to buy glutathione for research?

Peptology offers Glutathione 1500 mg as a research product with confirmed purity above 99% (HPLC/MS) and independent laboratory analysis for every batch. Fast shipping, discreet packaging and certificates of purity with the product. For scientific background, also see the article Peptides — what they are, how they work, main categories and safety profile.

Related products in the Peptology catalog

Researchers working with glutathione often also consider regenerative peptides and products from the area of cellular energy and regeneration. Each of the products below has a certificate of purity above 99%:

See the full catalog: Peptides for cellular regeneration and energy · Recovery and anabolic peptides · Solutions for peptides · All peptides · Blog on peptide research

Molecule identity

Laboratory reconstitution

Laboratory protocol — reconstitution, research protocols, storage

Standardized protocol applicable to all research peptides in the Peptology catalogue. To calculate the solution concentration (mg/mL) for each vial, use the peptide reconstitution calculator.

60-second protocol

Quick reference

What you need

Five rules for reconstitution

Calculating concentration

Storage

Four mistakes to avoid

Shipping information

🚚 Shipping information

• Products in our warehouse – orders placed by 15:00 on working days are dispatched the same day, later orders on the next working day.

• Delivery with GLS to your address in 3–5 working days.

• Shipping costs €5 and is free from €50.

Frequently Asked Questions (FAQ)

In what form is Glutathione supplied and how should it be stored?

It is supplied as a lyophilized (freeze-dried) powder in a sealed vial. Store the unopened vial dry and protected from light, ideally at 2–8 °C. After laboratory reconstitution, keep the solution at 2–8 °C and use it within the period stated in the “Laboratory reconstitution” tab (up to 60 days with Peptide Matrix Water).

What purity does Glutathione have and how is it tested?

Every batch has a purity of 99% or higher, confirmed by HPLC and mass spectrometry (MS) and documented in a certificate of analysis (CoA). The report for the current batch is shown in the “Laboratory Analysis” tab.

Is a prescription required to order?

No – the product is for laboratory and research use only.

Where can I buy Glutathione in Europe and what does it cost?

You can buy Glutathione in Europe online from Peptology, from 40,00 €. Delivery with GLS in 3–5 working days. Shipping is free from 50,00 €. Payment by card. Purity 99%+, with an HPLC report for every batch.

Laboratory Analysis

Glutathione - 1500 mg - Batch - 0226 - Purity